ADHD medication options: stimulants and non-stimulants
An overview of how ADHD medications work, common options and what to expect when starting treatment.
Earl Johns, MSN, PMHNP-BC
Board-certified psychiatric nurse practitioner and founder of Wellthy Psychiatry & Wellness
✓ Medically reviewed by Earl Johns, MSN, PMHNP-BC
Medication can make a real difference for many adults with ADHD. Knowing the options can help you feel more confident talking with your provider.
Stimulant medications
Stimulants are the most studied ADHD treatments. The two main families are methylphenidate and amphetamine. They come in short- and long-acting forms and often work within an hour.
Non-stimulant options
Atomoxetine, viloxazine, guanfacine and clonidine are non-stimulant choices. They take longer to build up but can help when stimulants aren’t a fit or when anxiety, sleep or substance use concerns are present.
Finding the right fit
We start with a careful history, then adjust dose and timing together. Side effects like appetite changes, sleep trouble or a jittery feeling are common and often manageable.
Medication is one tool
Skills, routines, sleep, exercise and therapy all work alongside medication. The goal is a plan that helps you function and feel like yourself.
A gentle next step
A free 15-minute phone consult is an easy way to see if Wellthy Psychiatry feels like the right fit for you.
This article is for general education and isn’t medical advice. If you’re in crisis, call or text 988, the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, or call 911.
About the author
Earl Johns, MSN, PMHNP-BC
Board-certified psychiatric nurse practitioner · UCSF-trained · Founder of Wellthy Psychiatry & Wellness
Earl provides LGBTQ+ and neurodivergent-affirming psychiatric care, blending medication management, therapy and whole-person approaches. He sees clients in San Francisco and by telehealth across California.
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